Predictors, complications and outcome of coronary artery bypass surgery patients attending the cardiac center of arar city, northern saudi arabia

Background: The increased incidence of cardiovascular disease between patients nowadays led to upsurge in the number of cardiac operations. After coronary artery bypass surgery, most patients remain free of symptoms for up to 15 years. The surgery also reduces the risk of heart attack and improves survival

Objective: to determine the predictors and outcome of coronary artery bypass surgery in patients attending the cardiac center in Arar, KSA all over the study period

Methods: The current study is a cross sectional study conducted during the period from September 2017 to March 2018. The current study included 72 individuals attending the cardiac center in Arar City. Collecting patients’ data was conducted through interviewing the patients included in the study and reviewing their medical files. A predesigned questionnaire was used for data collection

Results: We found that 81.9% of cases were males, 61.1% aged from 30 to 39 years old, 34.4% of cases have a myocardial infraction as a clinical diagnosis before the operation, 25% had angina pain, and 50.0% were smokers. Hyperlipidemia, chronic kidney disease, and chronic obstructive lung disease were found in 59.7%, 83.3% and 77.8% respectively. There were 41.6% who had postoperative arrhythmia, 13.9% had bacterial infection in the site of operation and another 13.9% had hypotension, 11.1% re-operated due to bleeding, and 6.9% got postoperative acute myocardial infarction. After 6 month of the operation, 69.4% of cases were quite good while recurrence of chest pain found in12.5%, heart failure in 2.8% and 8.3% died. There was significant association between outcome of cases after 6 months of operation and patients age [P<0.05] and all the dead cases were males

Conclusion: Our findings indicated that, among cardiac patients attending the cardiac center in Arar, KSA, the preoperative characteristics are suggestive of 30 to 39 years old males with myocardial infraction, angina pain, smokers, have hyperlipidemia, chronic kidney disease, and chronic obstructive lung disease is undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery. The death rate was low and 69.4% of cases were quite good

Congenital hydrocephalus in Arar, Northern Saudi Arabia

Background: Congenital hydrocephalus, an important cause of neurologic morbidity and mortality in children, is a medical condition characterized by an abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain

Objectives: To estimate the prevalence and the recent progresses in diagnosis of hydrocephalus as well as the changes in epidemiology and treatment outcomes of the disease

Methods: This is a descriptive study involved all neonates born in Maternity and child hospital in Arar city, Northern Saudi Arabia, KSA, during the period from 1 January to 31 December 2017. Among 6000 delivered infant in 2017; there was 23 cases of hydrocephalus. Data was collected by using predesigned questionnaire which include questions designed to fulfill the study objectives

Results: the prevalence of hydrocephalus among studied infants was 0.38%. Consanguinity between parents was reported among 60.9% of the cases. Other congenital anomalies reported, cardiac anomalies 39.1%, spina bifida 17.4% and cleft palate 8.7%. Cause of hydrocephalus was 65.2% hereditary and 34.8% infection [secondary cause]. Swelling of the eyelid, increased vascular clarity on the skull, transparent skin in the head, the child's tendency to sleep, disorientation, irritability and nervousness, high crying, weakness of feeding and vomiting, delayed child skills, convulsions, increased size of the head, the sun's sign in the eye and the child is always looking down were the symptoms reported by the cases. 56.5% of the cases had shunt insertion and 43.4% had ordinary medical treatment. 30.4% of the shunt cases were complicated [17.4% had shunt blockage with infection and fever, 13% shunt blockage and 69.6% had other complications]. Outcome of the case; 39.1% were stable, 13% worsen and 47.8% died [34.7% died by complications, 8.7% during operation and 4.3% did not receive treatment]

Conclusion: The prevalence of hydrocephalus is comparable to that of other countries. More research is recommended because it is probable that the real prevalence of congenital hydrocephalus was underestimated and no account of how often abortions are performed among mothers of hydrocephalic fetuses. So more efforts from the ministry of health is needed